New Version Available
This study guide is out of date, click here to see the latest release.
This study guide is out of date, click here to see the latest release.
- Complex control systems - Understand application and programming of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). Analyze and understand complex and overlapping sequential operation of protective device control schemes, metering schemes, and PLCs.
- IEC 61850 Standard Application Examples [PDF] The IEC 61850 standard has been defined in cooperation with manufacturers and users to create a uniform, future-proof basis for the protection, communication and control of substations.
- Lessons Learned from a 400kV Busbar Misoperation Using The IEC 61850 Standard [PDF] Any error in the mapping of GOOSE signals will result in undesired operation of the protection schemes.
- Features of IEC 61850 Improve the Performance, Diagnosis, and Troubleshooting of Ethernet Networks [PDF] Appropriate implementation of IEC 61850 features have the dual benefit of adhering to the standard and improving functionality of protection and control systems.
- Acceptance, Commissioning and Field Testing for Protection and Automation Systems [PDF] The introduction of the IEC 61850 standard for communication in power systems enables companies to build enhanced substation automation (SA) systems and to distribute requested functionalities in an optimal and standardized way.
- Case Study: Revised Engineering and Testing Practices Resulting from Migration to IEC 61850 [PDF] Replacing hardwired connections with digital communications over Ethernet requires new engineering and testing practices.
- Direct Control of Motor Contactors via PLCs and Distributive Control Systems [PDF] A commonly asked question is whether or not the interposing relay situated between the two systems is really needed.
- Complex motor control - Be knowledgeable of variable speed drives.
- AC Drives and Soft Starter Application Guide [PDF] This paper examines the differences between ac variable frequency drives (VFD's) and soft starters, and when and where to properly apply each of them.
- Eddy-Current Drives [PDF] Most electrical adjustable-speed drives fall into five general categories: adjustable voltage dc, adjustable frequency ac, adjustable voltage ac, wound-rotor motor, and eddy-current coupling drives. This article describes the basic eddy-current drive.
- Starting Methods for Large Medium-Voltage Motors [PDF] When motors are large with respect to the capacity of the power system it is often necessary to use a starting method that reduces the impact on the power system caused by starting the large motor.
�Getting Started